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 Natural behavior microstructure samples:

'Liking' (facial affective reactions to tastes):

Affective taste 'liking'/'disliking' expressions: Human babies, adult apes, monkeys, and rats

Taste Reactions

Taste Reactions

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Short affective taste clip: human babies rats only.

Berridge infant rat taste reactions video

Berridge infant rat taste reactions video

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'Fearful' (natural defensive & anti-predator reaction):

Fearful defensive treading in the wild: squirrels & rattlesnakes

 From BBC & National Geographic, provided by & based on research by Profs. D.H. Owings & R.G. Coss

WebSquirrelAntisnakeTread

WebSquirrelAntisnakeTread

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Fearful defensive treading in lab: rat accumbens 

PawTreading

PawTreading

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Incentive salience 'Motivational magnet':

Rats try to eat their preferred Pavlovian conditioned stimulus after opioid microinjection in amygdala 

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'Action Syntax' (instinctive syntactic grooming chains):

Syntactic grooming chain of rats

Semantic evolution from groom syntax: Squirrel signals

Hyperdopaminergic syntactic chain grooming

Rat Grooming Syntax

Rat Grooming Syntax

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Squirrel Groom Displays

Squirrel Groom Displays

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DAT Knockdown grooming fixed action pattern

DAT Knockdown grooming fixed action pattern

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Videos from journal articles or scientific conferences:

Optogenetic excitation of central amygdala amplifies and narrows incentive motivation to pursue one reward above another.

Instant transformation of learned repulsion into motivational 'wanting'

 From prediction error to incentive salience

RobinsonWarlowBerridge2014 JNeurosci Opto excitation of CeA (1)

RobinsonWarlowBerridge2014 JNeurosci Opto excitation of CeA (1)

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Instant transformation repulsion to motiv magnet Robinson & Berridge Cur Biol2013

Instant transformation repulsion to motiv magnet Robinson & Berridge Cur Biol2013

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Craving, Addiction & Desire: Scientific & Philosophical Dialogue with the Dalai Lama Dharamsala, India - November 2013

Dalai Lama presenters on Craving - Kent
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